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This page lists the source credits and edition-specific licenses for TorahML’s public texts, dictionaries, research data and fonts. TorahML is a free non-commercial research tool.
Third-party material retains its own license; the engine’s MIT license does not relabel imported texts or data. Edition-specific notices accompany readings. This page covers the public sources, not a guarantee of complete coverage in any dictionary.
Some reference sources are used only privately by the owner and are not shown publicly.
Source records and text are mechanically indexed or reformatted for the site; derived features and other limitations are described below. Source names and citations are retained. Share-alike material remains subject to its source license when adapted or redistributed.
Hebrew Bible text, word segmentation, Strong’s tags and morphology for reading, concordance and calculations.
License: CC BY 4.0
Attribution: Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible Project, morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex. Text and annotations mechanically indexed for TorahML; original identifiers retained.
Public-domain English translation for bilingual reading.
License: Public Domain
Attribution: Jewish Publication Society, The Holy Scriptures (1917), via Mechon Mamre.
English translation option, supplied through Sefaria; per-book version metadata retained.
License: CC-BY-NC (as labeled by the Sefaria edition)
Attribution: The Koren Jerusalem Bible, Koren Publishers, via Sefaria. Non-commercial edition notice retained with the reading.
English Torah translation option, supplied through Sefaria; per-book version metadata retained.
License: CC-BY-NC (as labeled by the Sefaria edition)
Attribution: The Contemporary Torah, Jewish Publication Society, 2006, via Sefaria. Non-commercial edition notice retained with the reading.
English translation option, supplied through Sefaria; per-book version metadata retained.
License: CC-BY-NC (as labeled by the Sefaria edition)
Attribution: The JPS TANAKH: Gender-Sensitive Edition (Revised JPS, 2023), Jewish Publication Society, via Sefaria. Non-commercial edition notice retained with the reading.
Rashi commentary in the reader; source/version metadata travels with commentary.
License: Public Domain
Attribution: Rashi, Pentateuch with Rashi’s Commentary, translated by M. Rosenbaum and A. M. Silbermann, via Sefaria. Public-domain edition.
Rashi commentary on Esther; distinct from the public-domain Rosenbaum & Silbermann edition.
License: CC-BY (as labeled by the Sefaria edition)
Attribution: Rashi on Esther, translated by Rabbi A. J. Rosenberg, via Sefaria. Edition attribution retained with the reading.
Verse-aligned Aramaic Torah text and reception-history reference data.
License: Public Domain
Attribution: Targum Onkelos, public-domain Sefaria edition; original verse references retained.
Aramaic Esther text and verse-aligned reference data; not Targum Sheni.
License: CC0
Attribution: Targum Rishon on Esther, Sefaria CC0 edition.
Derived syntactic-role and linguistic features for contextual sense analysis; the full source tree is not served.
License: CC BY 4.0
Attribution: Clear Bible, Inc. and Macula Hebrew contributors. TorahML derives and indexes features from the source annotations.
Cross-references, liturgical citations and source links. Linked text versions retain their individual edition licenses.
License: CC-BY (link data); per-work licenses vary for texts
Attribution: Sefaria and its contributors, link/citation data. References are mechanically normalized and indexed by TorahML; linked works are not relicensed by the link-data license.
Indexed book text in plain, vocalized and OCR variants. The pinned source inventory has 1,205 volumes; the 3,691-artifact run including Bavli imported 590,055 text segments. Five verified archive layers were empty ZIPs and remain acquisition gaps. OCR and machine vocalization may contain errors.
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (repository links)
Attribution: Dicta: The Israel Center for Text Analysis. Source inventory pinned to commit 992e6b563afa15a504fba9c05a1c622dbc592dbe; source variant and extraction quality retained per imported text.
Vocalized Bavli daf-side text from a 76-tractate inventory. Actual downloads and parsed sides are reported separately by the local acquisition receipt; this inventory does not imply every file was imported.
License: CC BY-SA; version unspecified by repository
Attribution: Dicta: The Israel Center for Text Analysis. Repository commit 8772e90fac22060ea423c168c0f95868653f6ef1, tree 904aed16cd1102a535d4b57822f318bbf6071de7. The repository describes professional review of automated vocalization; TorahML has not independently audited its accuracy.
Two separate datasets: 4,066,087 default candidate-analysis rows and 695,870 attested-form rows (4,761,957 local lexical records total). These are lexical/morphological records, not English definitions, a running-text corpus or a measured lemmatizer benchmark; Parquet import requires PyArrow.
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Attribution: Dicta: The Israel Center for Text Analysis. Dataset revision 17444d35eead7505380423fbfef73700d03eb848; default and attested configurations retain separate identities.
All 39 book divisions and 23,202 MAM verse addresses yielded 23,202 search projections with no reported local gaps. Full per-verse C/D/E structures and source JSON are retained; search text is a qere, grammatical-qamats and first-cantillation projection, not a replacement for the source structure. MAM versification is not assumed equivalent to WLC/BHS/Sefaria.
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (MAM-parsed data)
Attribution: MAM-parsed-plus, pinned to commit 926a6e785be4236673ac4a5c8c34afe63ed417f4. Attribution to Hebrew Wikisource / ויקיטקסט and MAM preparers; MAM-basics software terms are separate from the data license.
Five selected rendered revisions plus a 1 October 2026 XML dump cataloging 1,539,896 main-namespace pages (1,296,635 redirects and 243,261 non-redirects). Of 71,273 non-redirect pages yielding substantial literal excerpts, the local snapshot has 59 additional rendered text sections. Dump excerpts are partial Wikitext; templates and transclusions are unresolved, and transcluded template revisions are not pinned.
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 generally for contributed text; imported works and page notices vary
Attribution: Hebrew Wikisource contributors. Exact page/revision links are retained; inspect the individual page and notices for imported works. A catalog page count does not mean that page is a fully rendered or licensed text.
Five selected public acquisitions yielded four unreviewed text excerpts and three catalog records, including Gemara, Rashi, Rambam and selected commentary. OCR/extraction quality, source page IDs/URLs and response hashes are retained.
License: Item-level reuse rights unverified; no blanket license inferred
Attribution: HebrewBooks source pages and item metadata are retained with each selected record. Public scan access alone does not establish text reuse rights.
Local snapshot: 18 catalog/discovery records, zero transcribed text segments, and one imported public IIIF manifest with one canvas. Live search is optional and requires runtime NLI_API_KEY; no key is stored in source snapshots. Catalog, authority or canvas metadata is not a transcription or a grant to redistribute manuscript images.
License: Item/manifest-specific rights; no blanket text or image license inferred
Attribution: National Library of Israel. Item-level attribution and rights remain those stated by each catalog record or IIIF manifest.
Word-level Hebrew morphology sidecar, disambiguated Strong’s identifiers, Ketiv/Qere and glosses.
License: CC BY 4.0
Attribution: STEPBible.org / Tyndale House, Cambridge, Translators Amalgamated Hebrew Old Testament (TAHOT). Source rows mechanically indexed; source notices retained.
Optional online name search in Gematria. Users select a candidate's English and Persian names; Hebrew inputs and numerical values stay unchanged.
License: CC0 1.0
Attribution: Wikidata contributors. Candidate labels and descriptions retain source item links; no full dataset is bundled.
Normalized annual calendar content used for the selected weekly parashah and haftarah. Raw provider response snapshots remain local-only under data/vendor/calendar; the tracked normalized file retains source attribution and license metadata.
License: CC BY 4.0
Attribution: Calendar data generated by Hebcal.com; licensed CC BY 4.0. Retrieved from the Hebcal Jewish Calendar REST API.
Calendar calculation dependency used by the converter; installed as a dependency and not relabelled as TorahML MIT code.
License: MIT
Attribution: convertdate 2.4.0 contributors. The dependency retains its own MIT license.
Hebrew calendar calculation dependency; installed as a dependency and not relabelled as TorahML MIT code.
License: MIT
Attribution: pyluach 2.3.0 contributors. The dependency retains its own MIT license.
Astronomical calculation dependency used for long-range Persian calendar estimates; installed as a dependency and not relabelled as TorahML MIT code.
License: LGPLv3
Attribution: PyMeeus 0.5.12 contributors. The dependency retains its own LGPLv3 license.
The owner’s original glossary content and separately maintained definitions and interpretations.
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Attribution: © 2025 SHEMIM, TorahML glossary; the owner’s original content. Existing source provenance and review status retained; no blanket third-party reuse license is implied.
Hebrew dictionary entries, Strong’s mappings and explicitly sourced cognate references. Untranscribed image placeholders remain labeled.
License: CC-BY (enhancements over Public Domain base)
Attribution: Francis Brown, S. R. Driver and Charles A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament; BDB-Enhanced / unfoldingWord contributors. Public-domain base with separately attributed enhancements; mechanically indexed for TorahML.
Hebrew definitions, derivations, pronunciation, transliteration and usage from HebrewStrong.xml; distinct from STEPBible.
License: CC BY 4.0 (enhancements); Public Domain (underlying Strong’s text)
Attribution: James Strong; Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible Project, HebrewLexicon. Original source wording and explicit identifiers retained; mechanically indexed for TorahML.
Separate incomplete BDB transcription, with lexical and augmented mapping indexes; no TWOT definition text.
License: CC BY 4.0 (enhancements); Public Domain (underlying BDB text)
Attribution: Brown, Driver and Briggs; Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible Project, HebrewLexicon. Incomplete transcription and mapping records mechanically indexed for TorahML.
English v0.9.2 lexical entries, definitions, glosses, semantic domains and Scripture references; an ongoing dictionary.
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Attribution: United Bible Societies © 2023; Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (SDBH) © 2000–2023. English v0.9.2 material mechanically indexed and reformatted for TorahML; source content retains CC BY-SA 4.0.
Hebrew/Aramaic dictionary reference entries; complete provider inventory is unverified.
License: Public Domain, per Sefaria edition metadata
Attribution: Marcus Jastrow, A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, Luzac, 1903; digitized by Sefaria.
Extended Greek lexicon, glosses, definitions and Greek Strong’s identifiers. Cross-references do not equate Hebrew and Greek meanings.
License: CC BY 4.0
Attribution: STEPBible.org / Tyndale House, Cambridge, Translators Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). Source wording mechanically indexed for TorahML; source notices retained.
Latin dictionary rows, stems, morphology and English definitions, mechanically indexed; grammatical readings remain separate.
License: Author’s explicit permission for any use of program and data
Attribution: WORDS, a Latin dictionary, by Colonel William Whitaker (USAF, Retired). Copyright William A. Whitaker (1936–2010). Permission is hereby freely given for any and all use of program and data. The original copyright and permission notice remains applicable; this is not a public-domain dedication.
Sumerian lexical fields and sense glosses; no automatic Hebrew or Akkadian equivalence is inferred.
License: CC0, as declared by gloss-sux.json metadata
Attribution: Electronic Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary (ePSD2), ORACC and its contributors. Credit retained although CC0 does not require attribution.
Persian dictionary headwords and original Persian explanations; no automatic English translation or inferred cognate mapping.
License: CC0 1.0
Attribution: Dehkhoda digitized dataset and contributors. Credit retained although CC0 does not require attribution.
Arabic reference records with source node IDs, original XML, roots, forms and page references; mechanically indexed.
License: GPL-3.0 repository notice; original Perseus notices also relevant
Attribution: Edward William Lane, An Arabic-English Lexicon; Perseus Digital Library digitization; Lane’s Lexicon desktop project corrections. Edition-specific notices retained; no other Lane digitization’s license is substituted.
Hebrew root records from the Berlin 1847 edition; introductions, appendix and Elias Levita commentary are not mislabeled as Radak root definitions.
License: Public Domain, per Sefaria edition metadata
Attribution: David Kimhi (Radak), Sefer HaShorashim, Berlin 1847, via Sefaria.
Letter-organized source paragraphs from the Lublin 1883 edition; display labels are not inferred lemmas.
License: Public Domain, per Sefaria edition metadata
Attribution: Nathan ben Jehiel, Sefer HeArukh, Lublin 1883, via Sefaria.
Basic lexical tables, homographs, glosses, parts of speech, counts and semantic fields. Provisional proofreading status retained; not full DCH or DCHR articles.
License: Public-domain legacy gift, as stated by the source project
Attribution: David J. A. Clines / University of Sheffield DCH project, published for The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew Ltd. Basic legacy data released as a public-domain gift.
Hebrew-related directional etymology leads; crowd-sourced relations are not independent scholarly verification. Subset mechanically extracted and indexed.
License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Attribution: Wiktionary contributors / etymology-db, December 2023 release. TorahML extracts Hebrew-related relations; adapted data retains CC BY-SA 3.0 and source citations.
Public dictionary glosses, transliteration and Strong’s identifiers only. TBESH definition text is not shown publicly; that wording requires Larry Pierce / Online Bible permission.
License: CC BY 4.0 (STEPBible source notice; public fields only)
Attribution: STEPBible.org / Tyndale House, Cambridge, Translators Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Hebrew (TBESH). Public fields mechanically indexed for TorahML. This credit does not grant permission for Larry Pierce / Online Bible definition text.
Self-hosted Hebrew font for niqqud and cantillation marks.
License: GPL-2.0 with font exception
Attribution: Taamey David CLM, copyright © 2010 Yoram Gnat, Culmus Project. GNU GPL version 2 with the source font exception; original notice retained.
Self-hosted English scripture and heading font, distributed via Fontsource.
License: SIL OFL 1.1
Attribution: Source Serif 4, Adobe and the Source Serif project authors. SIL Open Font License 1.1; bundled copyright and full license retained.
Self-hosted interface font, distributed via Fontsource.
License: SIL OFL 1.1
Attribution: Copyright 2024 The Geist Project Authors. SIL Open Font License 1.1; bundled copyright and full license retained.
Loanword identifications used as cited facts in the engine credit Paul V. Mankowski, Akkadian Loanwords in Biblical Hebrew (Harvard Semitic Studies 47, Eisenbrauns, 2000). This citation credits scholarly identifications; it does not reproduce or license the book.
Contact [email protected] about a missing credit, edition correction or rights question. Please identify the source and the reading concerned.